Crusher



Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

CRUSHER.

C. G. BUCHANAN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. H. I920.

rarest renters.

CHARLESG. BUCHANAN, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

CRUST-IE3.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented An 9, 1921.

Application filed November 11, 1920. Serial No. 423,246.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES G. Booth-mam acitizen of the United States, residing at East Orange, in the county ofEssex and State of New Jersey. have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Crushers of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to crushers and particularly to the frames ofrock and ore crushers employing a swinging jaw driven for instance by atoggle. Such crushers are large in size so that their manufacture andtransportation requires the frames to be cast in sections which areassembled at the place of installation. The object of this invention isto provide a crusher frame in separable parts with the heads at each endbetween side frame members constructed to receive the crushing stressesfrom the heads and hold the heads permanently in place against failureor loosening in service.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention- Figure 1 is aplan view of a crusher showing a sectional frame construction,

Fig. 2 is an elevation view of one portion of the crusher shown in Fig.1,. and,

Figs. 3 and ii: are plan views of modifications.

In the specific embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 ashaft L with fly wheels 5 drives the toggles 2 6 through an eccentric tooscillate the swinging jaw J around its shaft S toward and from thefixed j aw 7'. The crushing stresses are therefore longitudinal fromfront to back and are taken up by the rear head 6, and the front head 7carrying the fixed jaw The crusher frame is sectional in formation andthe heads 6. are set in between in the inner faces of th, ends of theside frame members 8. The ends of the heads are provided with shoulders9 projecting into grooves 10. 11 in the side frames which grooves extendthroughout the entire depth of the respective frames. The shoulders maybe on the side frames instead of on the heads, this alte nativeconstruction being indicated in Fig. 3 by dotted lines 42 Due to therepeated shocks to which these parts are sub ected' the metal whereoverstrained is particularly likely to show fatigue first weakening andthen failing. In a corner, such as 12 for instance, there are the directtensile stresses due to the crushing action and induced torsionalstresses due to the yielding of the parts however slight. the extremeends of the side frames tending to flex outward so that the joints 14between the parts unless securely held will tend to open. These combinedstresses unless counteracted will produce a concentration of the strainsin the corner which will have a tearing effect on the metal and byconstant repetition of the crushing shocks will finally fracture theside frames beyond repair.

In the structure of this invention the concentration of stresses andover-straining of the metal is prevented by interlocking and stiffeningthe parts to effect a distribution of the crushing force and bring abouta mutual supporting relation between the side frames and heads. In theembodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2' the meeting surfacesof heads and side frames are carried outward in extended contact alongthe lines 14:, the ends of the side frames are in the form of boxessurrounding core spaces 19 by outer portions 20, cross webs 21 and innerportions 22, which carry the grooves 10, 11. The side frames are drawntogether against the ends of the head by transverse bolts 15 passingthrough the parts substantially in line with the shoulders 32. Theextreme ends of the side frames continue as the vertical flanges 25fitting against extended flanges 26 of the heads. Short bolts 27 gripthe two flanges together and a series of horizontal Webs 29, 30 on thesides and heads respectively stiffen and strengthen the flanges.

The parts are so machined that the meeting surfaces of the flanges arepressed tightly together at 14 with the shoulder 9 slightly clearing thebottoms of grooves 10, 11 and the corners 12, 12 are preferably tilletedon a radius of about one quarter of an inch. The bolts 27 are positionedat a distance from the stress receiving shoulder 32 of the rib andgroove so as to have a relatively large leverage in holding the partsfrom flexing apart. The large contacting surfaces of flanges 25, 26distribute the torsional stresses without concentration and thestiffened extended ends aid in maintaining a rigid fixed engagementbetween the parts without appreciable flexure. With these parts thusheld against yielding the crush-' ing force has no opportunity toconcentrate its stresses at any single point such as corner 12 but isevenly dlstrlbuted as compressive efforts along shoulder 32. All strainsare In the modification shown in Fig. 3' the short bolts 27 are replacedby long bolts 37 7 extending across the ends from one side frame to theother, the ends of the side frames being extended as at 38 to overhangthe heads. In such a construction the flanges 26 of the heads may bedispensed with and the bolts 3'7 will be drawn tight to firmly resistany outward flexure of the frame ends thus maintaining the surfaces atshoulder 82 in even extended contact without undue concentration at anypoint, but the preferred construction retains the brackets and ribs onthe heads as shown by dotted lines 4041 Fig. 3; for the reason that thisconstruction gives increased bearing of surfaces in contact between themembers, that is the front and rear heads and side frames.

In Fig. 4 the head 47 is carried out and around the ends 48, 49 of theside frames and is slotted as at 50, 51' to tightly fit these ex tendedends 48, 49. Bolts 52 are passed through the overhanging flanges 53, 54of the head and through the extensions 48, 49 of the side frames anddrawn tight'to bind the parts firmly together. In such a constructionthere is no opportunity for any outward fiexure of the ends of the sideframes as the flanges 53, 54 with the bolt 52 hold these ends 48, 49firmly against the body of the head 47.

sides against said head and for resisting fiexure of said sides by theoutward pressure of said frame comprising flanges extendedlongitudinally from the ends of said frame sides and bolting meansdrawing inwardly on said flanges and spaced from said shoulders. g

2. In a crusher the combination with a frame having sides with inwarddirected ends and transverse thrust bearing shoulders thereon, of aseparable head set against said shoulders, transverse bolts for drawingsaid sides against said head substantially in line with said shoulders,and means for resisting fiexure of said sides by the outward,

pressure of said frame comprising flanges extended longitudinally fromthe ends of said frame sides and-bolts extending between said flangesand drawing-inwardly thereon.

CHARLES e. BUCHANAN.

